Kérala - ترجمة إلى فرنسي
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Kérala - ترجمة إلى فرنسي

INDIAN STATE
Keralam; Keralese; Keralla; Kerala, India; Kerala state; Kerala India; Climate of Kerala; Kerala State; IN-KL; കേരളം; Kēraḷaṁ; Kerala (India); Keralayathra; Malluland; State of Kerala; Unified State of Kerala; Kerala (state); Kerala (State); KERALA; Kerala,India; Kerala Hills; Languages of Kerala; Malayala Nadu; Kēraḷa; Healthcare in Kerala; Transport in Kerala; Fishing industry in Kerala
  • A 1652 Map of India ([[Malabar Coast]] is highlighted separately on the right side)
  • publisher=Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India with UNDP India}}</ref>
  • editor-first3=F.}}</ref>
  • Administrative Subdivisions
  • Kasaragod]] built in 1650 CE, the largest fort in Kerala
  • [[Black pepper]] is an important cash crop in Kerala, which leads the country in production.
  • British Residency]] in [[Kochi]]
  • British India (1909)]]. [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kozhikode]], [[Kochi]], and [[Kannur]], were the major cities of the state at that time as indicated in the map
  • [[British Residency]] in [[Asramam]], [[Kollam]]
  • A panorama of port [[Kozhikode]], shows several types of ships, shipbuilding, net fishing, dinghy traffic and a rugged, sparsely populated interior ([[Georg Braun]] and [[Frans Hogenberg]]'s atlas ''Civitates orbis terrarum'', 1572)
  • European colonisation]] of [[Indian subcontinent]].
  • [[Infopark, Kochi]]
  • Zamorins of Kozhikode]], relating to the legend of Cheraman Perumal.
  • ''[[Cheena vala]]'' (Chinese fishing net)
  • [[Cochin International Airport]], the first airport in the world to be fully powered by solar energy
  • Cranes at the [[Cochin Shipyard]]
  • Kannur]] later.
  • A 1744 map of [[Malabar Coast]] (Malabar coast is on the left side)
  • Coconuts are an important regional cash crop.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]] in [[Kochi]].
  • Cochin]] to form [[Travancore]] in the 18th century CE.
  • The [[Population pyramid]] of Kerala
  • Participants at a [[pride parade]] in [[Thrissur]] in October 2018
  • snake boat race]] is performed during [[Onam]] on the [[Pamba River]]
  • [[Kochi Metro]] train at [[Palarivattom]] Metro station
  • KSRTC Bus Station at [[Kozhikode]]
  • [[Malayala Manorama]] office in [[Kottiyam]], [[Kollam]]
  • The [[Mattancherry Palace]] at [[Kochi]] was built and gifted by the Portuguese as a present to the [[Kingdom of Cochin]] around 1545
  • Palakkad]], also known as ''The Granary of Kerala''
  •  Portrait of [[Parashurama]] by [[Raja Ravi Varma]] relating to [[Keralolpathi]].
  • Names, routes and locations of the ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]'' (1st century CE)
  • [[Poovar]] is often identified with Biblical [[Ophir]]
  • [[Jackfruit]]s are the state fruit, and are a cultural icon of Kerala.
  • right
  • [[Greenfield International Stadium]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]].
  • Topography of Kerala
  • Uru]]'', a type of ship that was historically used for maritime trade, built at [[Beypore]], [[Kozhikode]]
  • A panoramic view of [[Vyttila Mobility Hub]] integrated transit terminal in the city of [[Kochi]]

Kerala         
Kerala, state in southwest India
Kérala      
Kerala, state in southwest India
Pala         
Pala, municipal town in the state of Kerala (India)

تعريف

Moplah
·noun One of a class of Mohammedans in Malabar.

ويكيبيديا

Kerala

Kerala (English: KERR-ə-lə; Malayalam: [ke:ɾɐɭɐm] (listen)) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South Canara, and Travancore. Spread over 38,863 km2 (15,005 sq mi), Kerala is the 21st largest Indian state by area. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33 million inhabitants as per the 2011 census, Kerala is the 13th-largest Indian state by population. It is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.

The Chera dynasty was the first prominent kingdom based in Kerala. The Ay kingdom in the deep south and the Ezhimala kingdom in the north formed the other kingdoms in the early years of the Common Era (CE). The region had been a prominent spice exporter since 3000 BCE. The region's prominence in trade was noted in the works of Pliny as well as the Periplus around 100 CE. In the 15th century, the spice trade attracted Portuguese traders to Kerala, and paved the way for European colonisation of India. At the time of Indian independence movement in the early 20th century, there were two major princely states in Kerala: Travancore and Cochin. They united to form the state of Thiru-Kochi in 1949. The Malabar region, in the northern part of Kerala, had been a part of the Madras province of British India, which later became a part of the Madras State post-independence. After the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the modern-day state of Kerala was formed by merging the Malabar district of Madras State (excluding Gudalur taluk of Nilgiris district, Lakshadweep Islands, Topslip, the Attappadi Forest east of Anakatti), the taluk of Kasaragod (now Kasaragod District) in South Canara, and the erstwhile state of Thiru-Kochi (excluding four southern taluks of Kanyakumari district, and Shenkottai taluks).

Kerala has the lowest positive population growth rate in India, 3.44%; the highest Human Development Index (HDI), 0.784 in 2018 (0.712 in 2015); the highest literacy rate, 96.2% in the 2018 literacy survey conducted by the National Statistical Office, India; the highest life expectancy, 77.3 years; and the highest sex ratio, 1,084 women per 1,000 men. Kerala is the second-least impoverished state in India according to the Annual Report of Reserve Bank of India published in 2013. Kerala is the second-most urbanised major state in the country with 47.7% urban population according to the 2011 Census of India. The state topped in the country to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals according to the annual report of NITI Aayog published in 2019. The state has the highest media exposure in India with newspapers publishing in nine languages, mainly Malayalam and sometimes English. Hinduism is practised by more than half of the population, followed by Islam and Christianity.

The economy of Kerala is the 8th-largest in India with 8.55 trillion (US$110 billion) in gross state domestic product (GSDP) and a per capita net state domestic product of 222,000 (US$2,800). The tertiary sector contributes around 65% to state's GSVA, while the primary sector contributes only 8%. The state has witnessed significant emigration, especially to the Arab states of the Persian Gulf during the Gulf Boom of the 1970s and early 1980s, and its economy depends significantly on remittances from a large Malayali expatriate community. The production of pepper and natural rubber contributes significantly to the total national output. In the agricultural sector, coconut, tea, coffee, cashew and spices are important. The state is situated between Arabian Sea to the west and Western Ghats mountain ranges to the east. The state's coastline extends for 595 kilometres (370 mi), and around 1.1 million people in the state are dependent on the fishery industry which contributes 3% to the state's income. Named as one of the ten paradises of the world by National Geographic Traveler, Kerala is one of the prominent tourist destinations of India, with coconut-lined sandy beaches, backwaters, hill stations, Ayurvedic tourism and tropical greenery as its major attractions.